Leather, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for leather is alu (dressed leather).

I couldn't find a Sindarin word for leather.

I posted my word for leather a couple of posts ago, earlier this month.

Mud, in my words + muds

fut : mud

The Illunse word for mud is fut. Fut is a rare last name and a rare first name. In French fut means was. In Hungarian fut means to run, to race. In Romanian fut has a vulgar meaning, but never mind that.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for mud which is fenn (mud mire, dirt), and the Latin word for mud which is lutum (mud, clay, dirt).

This is a new word.

futan : muds

The Illunse word for muds is futan. In Japanese (transliterated) futan means a burden, responsibility. Futan is the name of places in China.

Muds in Latin is luta. Muds in Old English is fenn (same as the singular).

Sorry for the lack of recent updates. Things have been busy around here.

Leather, in my words + leathers

coreth : leather

The Illunse word for leather is coreth. Coreth is a rare last name. Mark Coreth is a British artist. Coreth is a rare first name.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for leather leþer (which I transliterate to lether) (hide, skin, leather; although it's found only in compound words) or the adjective leathern which is leðren; and the Latin word for leather which is corium (skin / leather / hide).

This is a new word.

corethi : leathers

The Illunse word for leathers is corethi. Corethi is a rare first name.

Leathers in Latin is coria. Leathers in Old English is leþer (which I transliterate to lether) (same as the singular).

Wood, in my words + woods

wulg : wood

The Illunse word for wood (material) is wulg. Wulg is an unusual last name. Na Wulg Wulg Family Care Service and Child Care Centre in Northern Territory, Australia.

This word is a mixture the Old English word for wood wudu (wood, forest, grove; tree), and of the Latin word for wood lignum (wood; firewood; trunk/stump/tree).

This is the current word for wood.

Here's a link to Wood, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

wulga : woods

The Illunse word for woods is wulga. Wulga is a rare last name.
Woods in Latin is ligna. Woods in Old English is wuda.

Wool, in my words + wools

lauw : wool

The Illunse word for wool is lauw. Lauw is an uncommon last name. Lauw is a rare first name. In Dutch lauw means lukewarm, tepid, indifferent. Lauw is the name of places in France and Belgium.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for wool which is wull, and the Latin word for wool which is lana (wool; fleece; soft hair) or lanitium.

This is a new word.

lauwa : wools

The Illunse word for wools is lauwa. Lauwa is a rare last name. Lauwa is the name of places in Indonesia.

Wools in Latin is lanae. Wools in Old English is wulla.

Linen, in my words + linens

linet : linen

The Illunse word for linen is linet. Linet is an uncommon feminine first name. Linet is an unusual last name. Similar linnet is a small passerine bird in the finch family.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for linen which is lín (flax, linen, something made of linen), and the Latin word for linen which is linteum (linen cloth; linen; sail; awning). A mix of similar words.

This is a new word.

lineti : linens

The Illunse word for linens is lineti. Lineti is a rare last name. In Italian lineti means flax fields (and linen is made from flax).

Linens in Latin is lintea. Linens in Old English is lín (same as singular).

Note the plural ending. I'm rethinking things, again, and there will likely be changes to some existing plurals.

Silk, in my words (revised) + silks

seorc : silk

The Illunse word for silk is seorc. Seorc is a rare last name.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for silk which is seolc (silk, silken cloth), and the Latin word for silk which is sericum (silk; Chinese goods).

My previous word for silk was seor. This is a small change.

Here's a link to Silk, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words + silken.

seorcas : silks

The Illunse word for silks is seorcas.

Silks in Latin is serica. Silks in Old English is seolcas.

Ash, in my words + ashes

acis : ash

The Illunse word for ash (residue that remains when something is burned) is acis. Acis is an unusual last name. The tale of Acis and Galatea in Greek mythology.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for ash which is asce ((burnt) ash; dust (of the ground)), and the Latin word for ash which is cinis (ashes; embers, spent love/hate; ruin, destruction).

Acis is the current word for ash.

Here's a link to Ash, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words + ashen.

acisan : ashes

The Illunse word for ashes is acisan.

Ashes in Latin is cineres. Ashes in Old English is ascan.

Acisan is the current word for ashes. I looked over this word again to make sure it was a keeper.

Brick, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for brick is telar.

I couldn't find a Sindarin word for brick.

Brick, in my words + bricks

laget : brick

The Illunse word for brick is laget. Laget is an unusual last name. Laget is the name of a place in Norway.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for brick which is tigel (earthen vessel, pot; tile, brick; slabs for roofing) and the Latin word for brick which is later (brick, tile).

Brick is a new word.

lagetas : bricks

The Illunse word for bricks (nominative plural) is lagetas. Lagetas is a rare last name. Lagetas is a masculine ancient Greek name.

Bricks in Latin is lateris. Bricks in Old English is tigela.

Gravel, in my words + gravels

garel : gravel

The Illunse word for gravel (rock fragments and pebbles) is garel. Garel is a last name. Garel is a masculine first name, name of an Arthurian knight. Garel is the name of places in France and Guadeloupe.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for gravel ceosel (gravel, sand) and the Latin word for gravel glarea.

Garel is the current word for gravel.

Here's a link to Gravel, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

garelas : gravels

The Illunse word for gravels (nominative plural) is garelas. Garelas is an unusual last name.

Gravels in Latin is glareae. Gravels in Old English is ceoslas.

Garelas is actually the current word for gravels. This post is a pretty much a repeat except for the cool graphic showing gravel.

Glass, in my words + glasses

glist : glass

The Illunse word for glass is glist. In English glist (taken from glisten) can mean glimmer or mica. Glist is a rare last name.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for glass which is glæs, and the Latin word for glass which is vitrum.

Glist is the current word for glass.

Here's a link to Glass, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

glista : glasses

The Illunse word for glasses (nominative plural) is glista. Glista is a unusual last name. Glista means worm in Croatian.

Glasses in Latin is vitra. Glasses in Old English is glasu.

Wax, in my words + waxes

werca : wax

The Illunse word for wax is werca. Werca (or Verca) is a rare usually feminine first name. Werca is a very rare last name. Werca's Folk women's choir of Northumberland, UK.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for wax which is weax, and the Latin word for wax which is cera (wax, beeswax; honeycomb; wax-covered writing tablet; wax image/seal).

Werca is the current word for wax.

The traditional meaning of wax is beeswax. In Old English weaxcandel means wax candle. In Latin cereus means wax light, taper, candle. Tallow candles were a cheaper alternative to wax candles. Nowadays paraffin wax from petroleum is common.

Here's a link to Wax, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

wercae : waxes

The Illunse word for waxes (nominative plural) is wercae.

Waxes in Latin is cerae. Waxes in Old English is weax (same as the singular).

Bone, in my words + bones

onsa : bone

The Illunse word for bone is onsa. Onsa is a rare last name. In the Japanese tokusatsu superhero television series Kamen Rider Hibiki the Henshin Onsa is an item like a tuning fork used for transformation. Onsa watches. Onsa is the name of cities in Nigeria and Sudan. Onsa-ri is a place in North Korea.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for a bone which is os, and the Old English word for bone which is bán.

Onsa is the current word for bone.

Here's a link to Bone, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words + bones.

onsae : bones

The Illunse word for bones (nominative plural) is onsae. Onsae is a rare last name.

Bones in Latin is ossis. Bones in Old English is bán (same as the singular).

Rock, in my words + rocks

salc : rock

The Illunse word for rock is salc. Salc is a rare last name. Salc (or Salč) is the name of a place in Montenegro.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for rock which is saxum (a stone, any large rough fragment of rock), and the Old English word for rock which is clúd (or stánclúd) (a stone, rock, mass of stone; hill).

This is a new word. It's for a larger piece of rock or stone, as opposed to as a material.

Here's a link to Stone, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

salcas : rocks

The Illunse word for rocks (nominative plural) is salcas. Salcas is rare last name.

Rocks in Latin is saxi. Rocks in Old English is clúdas.

Stone, in my words + stones

stal : stone

The Illunse word for stone is stal. Stal is a last name. In Dutch stal translates to stable, stall. In Polish stal translates to steel. In Danish and Norwegian stål translates to steel. Stal is the name of a city in Belgium.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for a stone which is lapis (stone; milestone; jewel; stone as a material), and the Old English word for stone which is stán (stone as a material; a stone).

This is the current word for stone, as a material or a small stone.

Here's a link to Stone, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

stalas : stones

The Illunse word for stones (nominative plural) is stalas. Stalas is a rare last name. In Lithuanian stalas means table.

Stones in Latin is lapidis. Stones in Old English is stánas.

Sand, in my words + sands

sarn : sand

The Illunse word for sand is sarn. In Sindarin sarn translates to small stone or pebble. In Welsh sarn tranlates to causeway or litter. Sarn is an unusual last name. Sarn is a rare masculine first name. Sarn is the name of cities in Switzerland and Wales. In Tolkien, Sarn Gebir are rapids on the River Anduin and Sarn Ford is a stone ford on the River Baranduin.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for sand which is arena or harena (sand, grains of sand; sandy land or desert; seashore; arena), and the Old English word for sand which is sand (same as Modern English) (sand, gravel; sand by the sea; of deserts).

This is the current word for sand.

Here's a link to Sand, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

sarna : sands

The Illunse word for sands (nominative plural) is sarna. Sarna is an uncommon last name. Sarna is a rare feminine first name. Sarna means roe deer in Polish. Sarna means scabies in Spanish. Sarna is the name of places in India.

Sands in Latin is arenae or harenae. Sands in Old English is sand (same as the singular).

Sands, the plural, is new, and so is my graphic for sand.

Soil, in my words (revised) + soils

hulm : soil

The Illunse word for soil (earth) is hulm. Hulm is the name of a place in Germany. Hulm is an uncommon last name.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for soil humus (ground, soil, earth, land, country), and the Old English word for soil molde (earth, soil; sand, mold, dust; world). I think that molde is the most appropriate Old English word for my definition.

Hulm is the Illunse word for the noun soil, for what you plant crops in.

My previous word for soil was hulme. This is a small change.

Here's a link to Earth, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words, which includes words for soil.

hulma : soils

The Illunse word for soils (nominative plural) is hulma. Hulma is a rare last name.

Soils in Latin is humi. Soils in Old English is moldan.

The plural, soils, is new.

I was away for a while, taking a summer break. Just now getting back to posting.

Air, in my words (revised) + airs

lyfa : air

The Illunse word for air is lyfa. Lyfa Danish Modern lamps. Lyfa is a very rare first name that can be feminine.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for air which is aer (air (one of 4 elements); atmosphere, sky), and Old English word for air which is lyft (air, sky, clouds, atmosphere).

My previous word for air was lafe.

Here's a link to Air, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

lyfae : airs

The Illunse word for airs (nominative plural) is lyfae. Lyfae is a rare first name.

Airs in Latin is aeris. Airs in Old English is lyfta.

The plural, airs, is new.

By the way, I altered the previous word, earth, from erta to erte.

Earth, in my words (revised) + earths

erte : earth

The Illunse word for earth is erte. Erte is an uncommon last name. Similar Erté was a Russian-born French artist and designer. Erte means steep in Italian. Erte is the name of a place in Chad.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for earth terra (earth, land, ground; country) and the Old English word for earth which is eorðe (the earth, ground, soil; dry land; the Earth as a planet; land, country) (I transliterate the Old English letter eth (ð) to th -> eorthe).

Erte is the Illunse word for earth as land or ground, and as a classical, metaphysical element. Erte will not be the word for Earth as a planet, as Latin has another word, Tellus, for that.

My previous word for earth was erta. This is a small change.

Here's a link to Earth, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

ertan : earths

The Illunse word for earths (nominative plural) is ertan. Ertan is an uncommon masculine first name that can be Turkish. Ertan is an unusual last name. Ertan is the name of a place in China.

Earths in Latin is terrae. Earths in Old English is eorðan.

The plural, earths, is new. Setting the nominative case plural will help me with declension.