Bell, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for bell is nyellë.

The Sindarin word for bell is nell. The word nelladel means ringing of bells.

Bell, in my words

belca : bell

The Illunse word for bell is belca. Belca is a last name. Belca is the name of a city in Slovenia.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for a bell which is belle, and the Latin word for a bell which is campana.

If I'm following the ways of Old English and Latin grammar, belca is a feminine noun. In Spanish the word for bell is campana, same as Latin, and it's grammatically feminine too.

Lamp, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for lamp is calma (lamp, a light). Similar word cala is Quenya for light.

The Sindarin word for lamp is calar. Similar word calad is Sindarin for light.

Lamp, in my words

luthena : lamp

The Illunse word for (oil) lamp is luthena. Luthena is an unusual last name. Luthena is an unusual feminine first name. Similarily named Luthenay is a city in the Alsace region of France.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for a lamp which is lucerna (lamp, oil lamp), and the Old English word for a lamp which is léohtfæt (lantern, torch, lamp, light). Also, note that the Old English word for light is léoht.

There are other Latin words that be translated as lamp, including lychnus (a lamp, especially one hung from the ceiling), lampas (lamp/lantern; light/torch/flame/flambeau/link; firebrand), and lanterna (a lantern, lamp, a torch).

My Illunse word for lamp, luthena, is deliberately similar to my Illunse word for light, which is luth.

Document, in my words

cwirta : document

The Illunse word for document is cwirta. Cwirta is an unusual last name that can be Polish.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for a paper which is charta (paper/papyrus (sheet); record/letter, book/writing(s); thin metal sheet/leaf), and the Old English word for a writing which is gewrit (writing, something written; written characters; inscription; a written statement, passage from a book; a formal or legal document; a letter; writ, charter, deed; literary writing, a book, treatise; books in the Bible; scripture).

The Latin and Old English words I used to construct my word cwirta can both mean document, but both words can mean more. Cwirta would be pronounced like quirta.

I'm back constructing words after several days off for Christmas. We had family over for Christmas dinner, and I was busy cleaning house, cooking and baking. Everything went well. Good food, good company. Although I could have done without spilling the pickled herring across the kitchen floor.

Book, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for book is parma.

The Sindarin word for book is parf.

Book is one of those words, that I rightly assumed, Tolkien defined in both Quenya and Sindarin.

Book, in my words

liboc : book

The Illunse word for book is liboc. Liboc is a district of the city of Prague in the Czech Republic.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for book which is libellus (little book, a notebook, diary; a memorial; petition; pamphlet), and the Old English word for book which is bóc (a book, a document, register, catalog; a legal document; literary work).

There's another Latin word, codex, that means book, especially a book made up of wooden tablets covered with wax (imagine the weight!). In Modern English usage a codex is list of canons or formulas, or a manuscript of some ancient classic.

Wax, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for wax is líco. Note that this word is close to the word for candle, lícuma.

There doesn't seem to be a Sindarin word for wax.

Wax, in my words

werca : wax

The Illunse word for wax is werca. Werca (or Verca) was an Anglo-Saxon feminine first name.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for wax which is weax, and the Latin word for wax which is cera (wax, beeswax; honeycomb; wax-covered writing tablet, letter; wax image/seal).

The traditional meaning of wax is beeswax. In Old English weaxcandel means wax candle. In Latin cereus means wax light, taper, candle.

Historically, tallow candles were a cheaper alternative to wax candles. Tallow is rendered beef or mutton fat, processed from suet. Nowadays paraffin wax from petroleum is common.

Candle, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for candle is lícuma (taper, candle).

I didn't find a Sindarin word for candle.

Candle, in my words

cendal : candle

The Illunse word for candle is cendal. Cendal is a last name, although Kendal is much more common. Cendal means gauze in Spanish and Portuguese.

This word is a mixture of the the Latin word for candle which is candela (a wax or tallow candle, taper; a cord coated with wax), and the Old English word for candle which is candel (lamp, lantern, candle).

As the Old English word was derived from the Latin word, I didn't have much to work with. Instead of scrambling the letters into some strange word, I decided to swap around the vowels. Cendal is a word that looks somewhat like candle, yet is different.

Temple, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for temple is corda. Note that the Quenya word for idol, cordon, is similar.

I didn't find a Sindarin word for temple.

Temple, in my words

tealg : temple

The Illunse word for temple is tealg. Similar word teal is a medium blue-green color, more blue than green.

This word is a mixture of the the Latin word for temple which is templum (temple, church; shrine; holy place), and the Old English word for temple which is hearg or hearga (temple, altar, sanctuary, idol; grove).

In Old English tempel (or templ) also means temple. That word was obviously borrowed from Latin.

Church, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

In the Quenya and Sindarin dictionaries I didn't find words for church, per se, however I found words that with meanings that include church.

The Quenya word for holy place is yána (holy place, fane, sanctuary).

The Sindarin word for holy place is iaun (holy place, fane, sanctuary).

A fane is a place consecrated to religion, such as a church.

Church, in my words

clecia : church

The Illunse word for church is clecia. Clecia or Clécia is an unusual feminine first name that can be Brazilian. Clecia is a rare last name.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for church which is cirice (church, religious community; church (building), temple), and the Latin word for church which is ecclesia (church; an assembly of the (Greek) people).

Spider, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for spider is liantë. In early Qenya ungwë meant spider.

The Sindarin word for spider is ungol.

Spider, in my words

acreopa : spider

The Illunse word for spider is acreopa. In Old English similar word ácréopian means to creep, crawl.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for spider which is átorcoppe (spider, literally seems to mean posion-spider), and the Latin word for spider which is aranea (spider, spider's web) or araneus (spider, of a spider).

In Old English words lobbe and loppe also translate to spider. A weaver as he goes, which I assume is a type of spider, is a gangewifre.

Snake, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for snake are ango and leuca.

The Sindarin words for snake are lhûg and lŷg.

She-goat, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for she-goat (nanny-goat) is nyéni.

I didn't find any Sindarin word for goat.

Goat, in my words

gapre : goat

The Illunse word for goat is gapre. Gapre is an unusual last name. Gapre is a bad misspelling of grape. Similarily named Gapree is a town in France.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for goat which is gát (gátbucca translates to he-goat), and the Latin word for goat which is caper (he-goat, billy-goat) or capra (she-goat, nanny-goat).

Rat, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for rat is nyarro.

The Sindarin word for rat is nâr.

Ninety, in my words

noganig : ninety

The Illunse word for ninety (90) is noganig.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for ninety which is hundnigontig, and the Latin word for ninety which is nonaginta.

Next up, my word for a hundred.

Eighty, in my words

othanig : eighty

The Illunse word for eighty (80) is othanig.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for eighty which is hundeahtatig, and the Latin word for eighty which is octoginta.

Another lengthy and unweildy Old English word. Hund means decade in compound words such as hundeahtatig. For Illunse, I'm going to drop the hund and pretend the Old English word is instead eahtatig.

Next up, my word for ninety.

Seventy, in my words

seftonanig : seventy

The Illunse word for seventy (70) is seftonanig.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for seventy which is hundseofontig, and the Latin word for seventy which is septuaginta.

At seventy the Old English words get lengthy and unweildy. It seems that hund means decade in compound words such as hundseofontig. For Illunse, I'm going to pretend the Old English word is instead seofontig.

There are no Quenya or Sindarin numbers in this range. Next up, my word for eighty.

This word was previously setonaning.

Sixty, in my words

sisanig : sixty

The Illunse word for sixty (60) is sisanig.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for sixty which is siextig, and the Latin word for sixty which is sexaginta.

Sisanig is not quite my word for six plus the suffix nig. The Illunse word for six is sise. I decided to use an A from the Latin word.

There are no Quenya or Sindarin numbers in this range. Next up, my word for seventy.

Mouse, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

I looked in the dictionaries, but I didn't find a word for mouse in either Quenya or Sindarin. I guess Tolkien's elves didn't discuss mice.

But there are mice in Middle-Earth because Samwise recited a comic poem called Oliphaunt that begins "Grey as a mouse, Big as a house, Nose like a snake, I make the earth shake...".

Mouse, in my words

mus : mouse

The Illunse word for mouse is mus. Mus is a a traditional Basque card game. In Dutch mus means sparrow. In Danish mus means mouse. Mus is the name of cities in France, Germany, India, Iran and Turkey.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for mouse which is mús and the Latin word for mouse which is mus.

The Old English and Latin words are basically the same! This didn't give me much to work with. Instead of scrambling the letters (sum? smu? ums?), decided to go along with it and make mus the word for mouse in Illunse. Apparently mūs or mús is also the word for mouse in Ancient Greek, Sanskrit and Old Norse.

Bear, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for bear is morco.

The Sindarin words for bear are brôg and graw.

Pig, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for pig is polca.

There doesn't seem to be a Sindarin word for pig.

Pig, in my words

sirc : pig

The Illunse word for pig is sirc. Sirc is a last name. SIRC is a acronym for various groups and centers.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for pig which is swín (a swine, wild-boar, pig, hog), and the Latin word for pig which is porcus (pig, hog; tame swine).

Tales of twelve characters

A short time-out from words in my fantasy language or in Elvish. Here's something different. I was tagged by Kendra to list twelve characters from any fandom, then answer the questions.

OK. Below are the characters I picked, followed by the questions and my answers. There are Wikipedia links to references about my characters, in case anyone wonders who the heck they are. I'm probably way too old for this, because I didn't chose any characters from Eragon (although I've read the first book), or Twilight (which I haven't read or seen the movie)!

1. Obi Wan Kenobi (as played by Ewan McGregor)
2. Hermione Granger (from the Harry Potter books and movies)
3. Spock (from Star Trek)
4. Lyra Belacqua (from The Golden Compass and the other His Dark Materials books by Philip Pullman)
5. Sherlock Holmes
6. Ayesha (from Victorian book She and others by H. Rider Haggard)
7. Samwise Gamgee or Sam (from The Lord of the Rings)
8. Locke Lamora (from the book The Lies of Locke Lamora and its sequel by Scott Lynch)
9. Mercy (Mercedes) Thompson (from the books by Patricia Briggs)
10. Indiana Jones
11. Eddard Stark (from the book A Game of Thrones by George R. R. Martin)
12. Djan Seriy Anaplian (from the science fiction book Matter by Iain M. Banks)

1. Who would make a better collage prof, 6 or 11?
Ayesha or Eddard Stark as Professor? Ayesha is immortal and she studies books, but she is arrogant. Eddard Stark is an honest, family man. I'd choose Eddard.

2. Do you think #2 is hot?
I like Hermione. But as I'm a woman, I hadn't thought of calling Hermione hot.

3. 12 sends 8 out on a mission. What is it? Does it succeed?
Djan, a woman from a far-future version of the CIA, sends Locke Lamora, a clever, fantasy con-man on a mission? The mission would likely be an elaborate scheme on a distant planet. Of course it succeeds, but likely with some dangerous complications.

4. What is or what would be 9's favorite book?
Not sure. Mercy would probably like a VW auto repair manual.

5. Would it make more sense for 2 to swear fealty to 6, or the other way around?
Hermione might swear fealty to Ayesha, also known as She Who Must Be Obeyed. But Hermione wouldn't like it, and would be trying to figure a way out.

6. For some reason, 5 is looking for a roommate. Should (s)he room with 9 or 10?
Sherlock Holmes is looking for a roommate. He’d be a pain of a roommate. I don't think he'd choose to room with a woman, let alone a shapechanger like Mercy. So I guess it's Sherlock Holmes and Indiana Jones.

7. 2, 7 and 12 are going out to dinner. Where do they go and what do they discuss?
Hermione, Samwise and Djan meet for dinner. As they are all from books by British authors, I think they'll meet in a cafe in London. Perhaps they'd discuss the different people and creatures, both magical and extraterrestrial, they've met.

8. 3 challenges 10 to a duel, who wins?
Spock challenges Indiana Jones to a duel? That's unlikely!

9. If 1 stole 8's most precious possession, how would (s)he get it back?
Obi Wan Kenobi, Jedi Knight, steals something from Locke Lamora, who is a master thief and and con-man. They are both resourceful and persistent. This would be an interesting matchup.

10. Suggest a story title in which 7 and 12 both attain what they desire.
Sam and Djan both want to save their threatened homelands, which are very different. My title, Special Circumstances in the Shire.

11. What kind of plot device would you have to use if you wanted 1 and 4 to work together?
Obi Wan and Lyra? Maybe Obi Wan feels the Force would be stronger in him if he had an animal daemon.

12. If 7 visited you for the weekend, how would it go?
Sam and I would probably go on nature walks and discuss gardening.

13. If you could command 3 to perform any service or task for you, what would it be?
Me and Spock? The New Star Trek Spock, played by Zachary Quinto, hopefully. I like him to escort me on a vacation in outer space.

14. Does anyone on your friends list write or draw 11?
Eddard Stark? Not that I know of. Maybe his daughter Arya, though.

15. If 2 had to choose sides between 4 and 5, what side would (s)he choose?
Hermione Granger choosing sides between Lyra and Sherlock Holmes? Lyra is closer to Hermione's age, but Sherlock Holmes is smart. Hermione might understand and agree with Sherlock.

16. What might 10 shout out while charging into battle?
Indiana Jones doesn't need to shout anything, he has his theme music.

17. If you had to choose a song to best describe 8, what would it be?
No idea. I can’t think of anything right off.

18. 1, 6 and 12 are having a dim sum at a Chinese Restaurant. There is only one scallion pancake left, and they all reach for it at the same time. Who gets it?
There's Obi Wan, Ayesha and Djan in a Chinese Restaurant. Probably Ayesha gets the pancake. Obi Wan would likely be a gentleman and let the women decide. Djan probably wouldn't feel mere food is worth arguing about.

19. What would be a good pickup line for 2 to say to 10?
Hermione trying to pick up Indiana Jones? Really? Nice fedora and bullwhip you have there. I've heard that you're an expert on ancient civilizations....

20. What would 5 most likely be arrested for?
Sherlock Holmes would be arrested for disturbing the peace by playing his violin at all hours. Hopefully he's not arrested for drugs.

21. What is 6's secret?
Ayesha has been waiting for 2000 years for the reincarnation of her love.

22. If 11 and 9 were racing to a destination, who would get there first?
Mercy Thompson and Eddard Stark? If this destination is far, Mercy can drive a car. Eddard is in a medieval fantasy. Mercy can shape shift into a coyote, but Eddard probably has fast horses. Guess I'd choose Mercy.

23. If you had to walk home through a bad neighborhood late at night, who would you feel more comfortable walking with, 7 or 8?
Both Samwise and Locke would be loyal protectors. Both probably carry a dagger. Neither is particularly tall, though.

24. 1 and 9 reluctantly team up to save the world from the threat posed by 4's sinister secret organization. 11 volunteers to help them, but it is later discovered that s/he is actually a spy for 4. Meanwhile, 4 has kidnapped 12 in an attempt to force their surrender. Following the wise advice of 5, they seek out 3, who gives them what they need to complete their quest. What title would you give this fiction?
Obi Wan and Mercy Thomspson team up to save the world from Lyra's Belacqua's secret organization. (That doesn't sound like Lyra.) Eddard Stark volunteers to help, but actually turns out to be a spy for Lyra. (That really doesn't sound like Eddard Stark.) Meanwhile, Lyra has kidnapped Djan. (That's highly unlikely, Lyra is twelve years old and Djan is a one-woman army). Following Sherlock Holmes' advice, they seek out Spock (The Search for Spock?) to complete their quest. (OK, that works.) Interesting premise, but I have no idea for a title.

This was a fun way to waste some time.

Now, I tag
Mariska
Aaron Hughes
Jeanette Bennett
Abbe Roue Jigglier
Jackie

Sheep, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for sheep (in the singular, not plural) is máma.

There doesn't seem to be a Sindarin word for sheep.

Sheep, in my words

scove : sheep

The Illunse word for sheep is scove. Scove is a last name. A scove kiln is a type of basic kiln used in brick making.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for sheep which is sceáp, and the Latin word for sheep which is ovis.

Many Old English words that start in SC have become words in Modern English that start in SH. Such as scip has become ship, and sceap has become sheep.

Bull, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for bull is mundo. Earlier Quenya had tarucco or tarunco as bull.

The Sindarin word for bull is mund.

Cow, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for cow is yaxë (milch cow).

There doesn't seem to be a Sindarin word for cow.

Deer, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

I didn't find a Quenya word for deer in the main dictionaries that I use, although other resources mentioned the word arassë as the Quenya word for deer. The Quenya website Lambë Eldaiva The Language of the Elves says that this word was reconstructed from Sindarin.

The Sindarin word for deer is aras.

Fox, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for fox is rusco.

The Sindarin word for fox is rusc.

Hare, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for hare is lapattë.

There doesn't seem to be a Sindarin word for hare.

I couldn't find Quenya or Sindarin words for rabbit. More surprising was that I couldn't locate an Old English word for rabbit. As Tolkien was a Professor of Anglo-Saxon (Old English) at Oxford, maybe he saw no need for words for rabbit.

Hare, in my words

hasu : hare

The Illunse word for hare is hasu. Hasu is a last name that can be Finnish. In Old English hasu means dusky, gray, ashen. In Japanese (romaji) hasu can mean lotus. Hasu is the name of cities in Korea and a town a Finland.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for hare which is hara, and the Latin word for hare which is lepus.

Hares are distinguishably different from rabbits. Hares are generally larger than rabbits, with longer ears.

I did the word for hare because I could not find any Old English word for rabbit. There is a Latin word for rabbit.

Wolf, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for wolf are narmo and ráca.

The Sindarin words for wolf are draug and garaf.

J.R.R. Tolkien also had words for werewolf. Fitting for a post on Halloween! The Quenya word for werewolf is nauro. In Sindarin guar is werewolf, gaurhoth is a group of werewolves, and gaurwaith is wolf-men.

Wolf, in my words

lupwu : wolf

The Illunse word for wolf is lupwu. In the Micronesian language of Ponapean, kehpin lupwu is a variety of yam. Similar name Lupwe is a city in Nigeria.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for wolf which is lupus, and the Old English word for wolf which is wulf.

This word is admittedly odd, so I'll see if it sticks. It was difficult having U as my only available vowel.

Fifty, in my words

fincanig : fifty

The Illunse word for fifty is fincanig. Fincanig is a misspelling of financing.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for fifty which is fíftig, and the Latin word for fifty which is quinquaginta.

To make my Illunse word for fifty, fincaning, I modified one letter and transposed another. It's not quite the word for five plus the suffix nig. My Illunse word for five is finec.

I think this is enough number words for now. I'll come back to numbers again later.

Forty, in my words

ceutarnig : forty

The Illunse word for forty is ceutarnig. Ceutarnig is an unique word.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for forty which is féowertig, and the Latin word for forty which is quadraginta. The C comes from transliterating the Latin Q to CW.

For this Illunse word, ceutarnig, there are a couple of letter modifications. My Illunse word for four is ceuwor. I decided to change the O to A because the Latin word contains three As. The W was changed to T to avoid having the word look like it contained warning, and because of a modification I'm making to fourteen. I'm retroactively changing my Illunse word for fourteen from ceuwordice to ceutordice.

Thirty, in my words

thirnig : thirty

The Illunse word for thirty is thirnig. Thirnig is a last name which can be from Saxony.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for thirty which is þritig ( I transliterate as thritig), and the Latin word for thirty which is triginta.

Thirnig doesn't begin with the word for Illunse word for three, ther. Although it's close. The Old English and the Latin words for thirty also have close, but not exact, relationships with their numbers for three.

Twenty, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

Tolkien's elves must not of needed to count to twenty. I couldn't find words in my reference dictionaries for twenty in Quenya or twenty in Sindarin.

Various sources list the Quenya and Sindarin numbers from one to twelve. Although there are numbers in the teens for Quenya, but not for Sindarin, these numbers seem less solidly defined. The next number I found defined was for a thousand.

Fantasy languages may not need higher numbers, but as I've mixed the Old English and the Latin words for a few more numbers, I'll be posting them.

Twenty, in my words

tewnig : twenty

The Illunse word for twenty is tewnig. Similar word tewing means to prepare by beating or working, such as leather.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for twenty which is twéntig, and the Latin word for twenty which is viginti.

Tewnig is admittedly more like the Old English word, but over half of its letters are also in the Latin word.

Nineteen, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for nineteen is neterquë.

If there are Sindarin words for numbers in the teens, I didn't find them.

The Quenya word for nineteen looks like the Quenya word for nine which is nertë.

Nineteen, in my words

nogendice : nineteen

The Illunse word for nineteen is nogendice. Nogendice is a nearly unique word.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for nineteen which is nigontíene, and the Latin word for nineteen which is undeviginti.

Like eighteen, I'm fudging a bit to make this word. My Illunse words are supposed to contain only letters found in the Old English and the Latin words. I'm missing a c to make nogendice. That the Latin word for nineteen is undeviginti, one less than twenty, complicated things for me. My Illunse word, like the Old English word, is similar to nine and ten.

Eighteen, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for eighteen is toloquë.

If there are Sindarin words for numbers in the teens, I didn't find them.

The Quenya word for eighteen looks like the Quenya word for eight which is tolto.

Eighteen, in my words

othadice : eighteen

The Illunse word for eighteen is othadice. Othadice is possibly a rare last name.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for eighteen which is eahtatíene, and the Latin word for eighteen which is duodeviginti.

I'm cheating to make this word. My Illunse words are supposed to contain only letters found in the Old English and the Latin words. But in the case of othadice, there's no c available. That's because the Latin word for eighteen is duodeviginti which translates to two less than twenty, instead of eight and ten like the pretend word of octodecim.

For eighteen and nineteen, I will follow Old English numbering. Earlier I followed Latin for eleven and twelve, making words like one and ten (oneteen), two and ten (twoteen).

Seventeen, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for seventeen is otoquë.

If there are Sindarin words for numbers in the teens, I didn't find them.

The Quenya word for seventeen looks similar to Quenya word for seven which is otso.

Eight in Latin is octo, and eight in Spanish is ocho. I keep thinking the Quenya word for seven should be the word for eight instead.

Sixteen, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for sixteen are enenquë (which may be the preferred word) and quainquë.

There doesn't seem to be Sindarin words for numbers in the teens.

The first Quenya word for sixteen looks similar to Quenya word for six which is enquë.

Valley, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for valley are nandë or suffix -nan (valley), and tumba or tumbo (deep valley, under or among hills).

The Sindarin words for valley are imlad (deep valley, narrow valley with steep sides but a flat habitable bottom), imrath (long narrow valley with a road or stream running through it lengthwise), nan or nand (grassland, valley), and tum (deep valley, under or among hills).

Valley, in my words

dalle : valley

The Illunse word for valley is dalle. Dalle is a last name. In French dalle means slab, flagstone, floor tile. In Italian dalle means from the. Dalle is the name of cities in Belgium, Ethiopia and Germany.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for valley which is vallis (valley, vale, hollow), and the Old English word for valley which is denu (valley, plain, vale, dale).

Dalle is similar to the Old English words words dell (dell, a small wooded hollow) and dæl (dale, an open river valley in a hilly area).

Lake, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for lake are ailin (pool, lake) and ringwë (cold pool or mountain lake).

The Sindarin words for lake are lô (shallow lake, fenland), nen (water; used of a lake, pool or lesser river), ael or oel (lake, pool, mere), and rim or rhim (cold pool or mountain lake).

River, in my words (revised)

feam : river

The Illunse word for river is feam. Feam can be an English last name.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for river which is flumen, and the Old English word for river which is éa.

My previous word for river was fean. My new word, feam, looks more like stream. Also feam is close to the Old English word fám which translates to foam.

Here's a link to my post for River, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

Mountain, in my words (revised)

morg : mountain

The Illunse word for mountain is morg. Morg is a last name. Morg is a masculine first name. Morg is a Marvel Comics fictional supervillain in The Silver Surfer.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for mountain which is mons, and the Old English word for mountain which is beorg (mountain, hill). Another Old English word for mountain (and hill) is munt.

My previous word for mountain was meorn. That word looked too much like the word mourn. My new word, morg, is unfortunately pronounced similarly to morgue, but it's spelled differently enough.

Here's a link to my earlier post for Mountain, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

Grove, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for grove (wood, small forest) are tavas (woodland) and tavar (wood).

The Sindarin words for grove (wood, small forest) are glad (small forest, wood) and eryn (wood).

By the way, the Quenya word for forest is taurë (great wood, forest), and the Sindarin words for forest are taur (great wood, forest) and tawar (wood as a material, forest).

Wood, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for wood (material) are tavar (wood) and taurina (of wood); turu (properly firewood, but used of wood in general) and turúva (wooden).

The Sindarin words for wood (material) are tawar (wood (as a material), wood, forest) and tawaren (wooden).

Wood, in my words

wulg : wood

The Illunse word for wood (material) is wulg. Wulg is an unusual last name. Na Wulg Wulg Family Care Service and Child Care Centre in Northern Territory, Australia.

This word is a mixture the Old English word for wood wudu (wood, forest, grove; tree), and of the Latin word for wood lignum (wood; firewood; trunk/stump/tree).

Earth, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for earth (in alphabetical order) are Ambar (Earth, world), Arda (the Earth, world), cemen (earth, soil; a flat floor beneath the heavens), Endor or Endórë (Middle-earth, centre of the world), and mar (earth, home, dwelling).

The Sindarin words for earth (in alphabetical order) are amar (earth), cae (earth, may be an old term), cef (earth, soil), ceven (Earth), ennor (central land, Middle-earth), and ennorath (central lands, lands of Middle-earth).

Quite a list!

Fifteen, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for fifteen are lepenquë (which may be the preferred word) and quailepen.

I could not find any Sindarin words for numbers in the teens.

The Quenya words for fifteen look similar to Quenya word for five, lempë. These numbers appear to be base ten, not base twelve.

Fourteen, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for fourteen are canaquë (which may be the preferred word) and quaican.

I could not find any Sindarin words for cardinal numbers in the teens.

The Quenya word for fourteen canaquë looks similar to Quenya word for four canta.

Thirteen, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for thirteen are yunquentë (which may be the preferred word) and quainel and nelquë.

I could not find any Sindarin word for thirteen.

The Quenya numbers up to twelve seem more solid, more documented. I'm entering a more fuzzy Elven language area with cardinal numbers in the teens.

The Quenya word for thirteen nelquë looks similar to Quenya word for three neldë.

Thirteen, in my words

therdice : thirteen

The Illunse word for thirteen is therdice. Therdice doesn't seem to be a last name, or a city name, or to mean anything in any particular language.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for thirteen which is tredecim, and the Old English word for thirteen which is þréotíene (which I transliterate to threotiene).

This is a new word. In creating this word for thirteen, it helped that I redefined three as ther.

Three, in my words (revised)

ther : three

The Illunse word for three is ther. Ther is a last name. Ther is the name of cities in Pakistan and India. Ther is a misspelling of there or their.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for three which is þríe, which I transliterate to thrie (the beginning letter is what is called thorn, which can be translated to modern th), and the Latin word for three which is tres

My previous Illunse word for three was thes.
.

Eleven, in my words (revised)

aundice : eleven

The Illunse word for eleven is aundice. In Spanish aún dice translates to still it says.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for eleven which is endleofan, and the Latin word for eleven which is undecim.

My Illunse word for eleven was previously uncefan. The new word is nearly a compound word of the Illunse words for one (aun) and ten (dicen). I've decided that my numbers will be base ten, not base twelve like Tolkien.

Wonder what the number eleven is in Sindarin and Quenya? Here's a link to my earlier post for Eleven, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

Young, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for young are nessa and vinya (new, young).

The Sindarin word for young is neth.

Young, in my words

gevune : young

The Illunse word for young is gevune. Gevune seems to mean something in a langauge of Sri Lanka, perhaps in Sinhala.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for young which is geong (young, youthful; recent, new, fresh) and the Latin word for young juvenis (youthful, young, young man or young woman).

New, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for new are vinya (young, new) and sinya.

The Sindarin words for new are gwain (new) and eden (new, begun again). The word sain is another, perhaps obsolete, word for new.

New, in my words

nuve : new

The Illunse word for new is nuve. Nuve is a last name. Similar word nuvem translates to cloud in Portuguese.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for new which is niwe (new, not yet used, untried; not existing before) and the Latin word for new which is novus (new, fresh, young; unusual, extraordinary).

Ancient, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for ancient is yára (ancient, belonging to or descending from former times).

The Sindarin word for ancient is iaur (ancient, old, original).

Earlier I mentioned the Sindarin word (iaur) in my post for old. But as it more precisely translates to ancient, I moved the word here.

Ancient, in my words

arisc : ancient

The Illunse word for ancient is arisc. Ad Arisc is the name of a city in Ethiopia. ARISC is an acronym for Army Reserve Intelligence Support Center.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for ancient ǽrest (first, before all, most former, ancient), which I transliterate to aerest, and the Latin word for ancient priscus (ancient, early, former, primative).

Aged, in my words

senol : aged

The Illunse word for aged is senol. Senol is a last name. Senol (or Şenol) is a masculine first name that can be Turkish. Senol is the name of a city in Turkey.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for aged senex or senior (aged, old, a Roman over 45) and the Old English word for aged gamol (aged, old, hoary, ancient).

This Illunse word for aged will be used mostly for people and other living things that grow old.

Old, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for old are yerna (old, worn, said of things); linyenwa (having many years, does not connote weakness since the Elves were immortal), and enwina (old).

The Sindarin words for old are brûn (old, that has long endured), gern (worn, old, used of things), and ingem (year-sick, of mortals suffering from old age).

This post was delayed because my computer is in the shop for repairs.

Old, in my words

andul : old

The Illunse word for old is andul. Andul is a masculine first name. Andul is a last name. Andul is a city in the West Bengal region of India.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for old antiquus (old, ancient, aged, time-honored, venerable, archaic or outdated) and the Old English word for old eald (old, aged, ancient, antique, primeval).

This Illunse word for old will apply to both living creatures and material things.

Bad, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for bad are ulca (evil, bad, wicked, wrong) and faica (contemptible, mean).

The Sindarin words for bad are um (bad, evil) and faeg (mean, poor, bad).

Bad, in my words

malfe : bad

The Illunse word for bad is malfe. Malfe is a last name. I like it that malfe makes me think of the word malfeasance.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for bad which is malus, and the Old English word for bad which is yfel (bad, evil).

Year, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for year are loa (year, growth, seasonal changes), coranar (sun-round, solar year), and yén (Elvish long year).

The Sindarin words for year are în (year), and ennin (Valian year, elven year).

There are multiple solar years in a Valian or elven year. I found figures of 9.58 solar years in each Valian year and 144 solar years in each Valian year. An age or cycle is 100 Valian years.

Year, in my words

aneru : year

The Illunse word for year is aneru. Aneru is an unusual last name. Aneru is an unusual first name.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for year which is annus, and the Old English word for year which is géar

Brother, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for brother are onóro (brother, of blood kinship), toron (brother (older Quenya)), háno or hanno (brother (possibly a replacement for toron)), and otorno (brother, sworn brother, male associate).

The Sindarin words for brother are muindor (brother) and gwador (brother, sworn brother, associate).

Brother, in my words

bretor : brother

The Illunse word for brother is bretor. Bretor is an unusual last name. Bretor was the name of a king in the 1990 NES platform game Conquest of the Crystal Palace.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for brother which is bróðor (which I transliterate to bróthor), and the Latin word for brother which is frater.

Sister, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for sister are seler (earlier source), nésa (later source and possibly a replacement of seler), onórë and osellë (female associate, sister).

The Sindarin words for sister are muinthel (note: muin translates to dear), thêl, and gwathel (sister or female associate).

Sister, in my words

swesor : sister

The Illunse word for sister is swesor. In reconstructed Proto-Indo-European, swesor translates to sister. My word mix hit this defintion by chance, not by any plan of mine. Guess that makes this a good mix.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for sister which is sweostor and the Latin word for sister which is soror.

Father, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for father are atar (father) and atto (daddy).

The Sindarin words for father are adar (father) and ada (daddy).

Father, in my words

pader : father

The Illunse word for father is pader. Pader is a last name. Pader is a feminine first name that can be Hmong. In Rumantsch Grischun (which is standardized Romansh), and most Romansh dialects, pader translates to father. Pader is the name of a cities in the Philippines, and a city and district in Uganda.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for father which is pater, and the Old English word for father which is fæder

This word is nearly guessable. It's close to both the Old English and Latin words. I think it's a good word for father, and Romansh speakers in Switzerland would likely agree.

Mother, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for mother are amil or emil (mother) and mamil (mommy).

The Sindarin words for mother are naneth (mother) and nana (mommy).

Tempest, in my words

ymest : tempest

The Illunse word for tempest (violent storm) is ymest. In Old English ymest can translate to upmost, highest but the word is more commonly yfemest.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word yst (storm, tempest, hurricane, whirlwind, rough water, surge) and the Latin word tempestas which means weather, especially bad weather, storm, tempest (and figuratively attack, fury) but also means a period of time, a season.

Storm, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

There doesn't seem to be words in Quenya and Sindarin that mean storm. Although there are words for various aspects of storms.

In Qenya, a forerunner of Quenya, the word for storm is húro.

In Quenya noise of a storm is raumo. The word for dark, lowering cloud is lumbo. The sea in storm is haloisi.

The Sindarin word for storm of wind is alagos.

Shower, in my words

ismur : shower

The Illunse word for shower is ismur. Ismur is an unusual last name. Ismur is an rare first name.

This word is a mixture of the the Latin word imbur (rain, storm, shower of water/snow/hail/missiles) and the Old English word scúr (shower, tempest, storm of rain, snow, hail, shower of blows).

This is a new Illunse word, not a revision.

I couldn't find a Quenya or Sindarin word for shower.

Snow, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for snow are lossë (snow or snow-white), niquë (snow), and is (light snow).

The Sindarin word for snow is loss (especially fallen or long-lying snow). The word gloss is an adjective meaning snow-white or dazzling-white.

Rain, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for rain are rossë (fine rain, dew, spray) and mistë (fine rain).

The Sindarin word for rain is ross.

Bird, in my words (revised)

flis : bird

The Illunse word for bird is flis. Flis is a last name. In Danish, Swedish and Norwegian flis translates to a chip, or chips.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for bird which is fugel or fugol and the Latin word for bird which is avis.

My previous word for bird was aefis, which was mix of Latin and Old English.

I last defined bird in May. Instead of repeating Tolkien's Quenya and Sindarin words for bird, here's a link to Bird, in Tolkien's words.

Creek, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for creek or stream or brook are celumë (stream, a flow) and nellë (brook).

The Sindarin words for creek or stream are nen (water of a lesser river, or lake, or pool) and oll (torrent, mountain-stream).

Swamp, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

I wan't able to find a Quenya word for swamp or marsh.

The Sindarin word for fenland (swampy, marshy, boggy land) is lô.

Mountain, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for mountain are oron (mountian, a height) and aicassë (mountain peak).

The Sindarin word for mountain is orod.

Sea, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for sea is ëar.

The Sindarin words for sea are gaear and aear. Both words seem to be valid.

Island, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for island are lóna (island, remote land difficult to reach) and tol (island, isle, rising with sheer sides from the sea or from the river)

The Sindarin word for island is tol (or toll) (island, isle, rising with sheer sides from the sea or from the river).

Field, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for field is peler (fenced field).

The Sindarin words for field are parth (field, enclosed grassland, sward) and pel (fenced field).

Ten, in my words (revised)

dicen : ten

The Illunse word for ten is dicen. Dicen is a last name. In Spanish dicen translates to (they) say.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for ten which is decem, and the Old English word for ten which is tíen.

Wonder what ten is in Sindarin and Quenya? Here's a link to my earlier post for Ten, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words.

My previous Illunse word for ten was ticen.

Hill, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for hill are ambo (hill) and tundo (hill, mound).

The Sindarin words for hill are amon (hill, steep-sided mount), dôl (head, and hence hill or mountain), and tund (hill, mound).

Fish, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for fish are lingwë and hala (small fish).

The Sindarin word for fish are hâl and lim.

Fish, in my words

pisc : fish

The Illunse word for fish is pisc. Pisc is an uncommon last name. In Romanian pisc translates to peak. Pisc is the name of a city in Romania.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for fish which is piscis and the Old English word for fish which is fisc.

I think this word is fairly guessable. Pisces, as in the astrological sign, translates to fish (plural) in Latin.

Dog, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for dog is huo.

The Sindarin word for dog is hû.

Cat, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for cat is mëoi (which is an somewhat strange word by the standards of Tolkien's later Quenya) or a later but rarer word yaulë.

Apparently there is no Sindarin word for cat!

Cold, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for cold are ringa (cold, chill) and helca (ice cold).

The Sindarin words for cold are ring (cold) and helch (bitter cold).

Cold, in my words

cerig : cold

The Illunse word for cold is cerig. Cerig is an uncommon last name. There's a Cefn-cerig Road in Wales.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for cold which is ceald and the Latin word for cold which is frigidus.

This is a new word for Illunse.

Hot, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for hot are úrin (blazing hot), saiwa (hot) and úrime (hot month, the month of August).

The Sindarin words for hot are born (hot, red) and urui (hot, the month of August).

Hot, in my words

hald : hot

The Illunse word for hot is hald. Hald is a last name. Hald is the name of several cities in Denmark and a town in Norway. Hald translates to hold, fastening in Old Icelandic.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for hot which is hát and the Latin word for hot which is calidus or caldus.

This is a new word for Illunse. I didn't have a word for hot before.

Horse, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for horse are rocco (riding-horse, swift horse) and less commonly olombo.

The Sindarin words for horse are roch (horse, swift horse for riding) and less commonly lobor.

Star, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for star is elen.

The Sindarin word for star is gîl (star, bright spark).

Moon, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for moon is isil. Rana is a name of the moon.

The Sindarin word for moon is ithil.

Moon, in my words

muna : moon

The Illunse word for moon is muna. In Finnish, Estonian, and Veps muna translates to egg. In Icelandic muna translates to remember. Muna is a last name. Muna is the name of cities in Nigeria, Ghana, Portugal, Iran, Mexico, Peru, Saudi Arabia, and Croatia. Muna is the name of towns in France and Russia.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for moon which is móna and the Latin word (and Spanish and Italian words) for moon which is luna.

Sun, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for sun is anar. Naira which means Heart of Flame, is a name of the Sun.

The Sindarin word for sun is anor.

Sun, in my words

sul : sun

The Illunse word for sun is sul. In Italian sul means on the. In Portuguese sul means south. Sul is a last name. Sul is the name of cities in Egypt, India, Albania, Portugal, Jordan, Colombia, Iran, and Angola.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for sun which is sunne and the Latin word for sun which is sol.

Dark, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for dark are nulla (dark, dusky, obscure), mornië (darkness) and lúrëa (dark, overcast).

The Sindarin words for dark are dûr (dark, sombre), doll (dark, dusky, obscure) and môr (darkness, dark, night).

Dark, in my words

sceor : dark

The Illunse word for dark is sceor. Sceor is an unusual last name. In Old English scéor, but preferably scúr, means shower, tempest, or storm of rain, snow, or hail.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for dark obscurus (dark, dim) and the Old English word for dark deorc (dark, gloomy).

Light, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for for light are cala (light) and rilma (glittering light).

The Sindarin words for light are calad (light), gail (bright light) and galad (light, radiance).

Light, in my words

luth : light

The Illunse word for light is luth. Luth is a last name. Luth translates to lute in French. Luth translates to sacred place in Etruscan. Luth is the name of a city in Sudan.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for light (daylight) which is lux or lucis and the Old English word for light which is léoht.

Gold, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for gold are malta or malda (gold metal) and laurë (golden light).

The Sindarin word for gold are malt or mall (gold metal) and mallen (of gold, golden).

Spring, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for spring (season) are coirë (stirring, early spring) and tuilë (budding, late spring).

The Sindarin words for spring (season) are echuir (stirring, early spring) and ethuil (budding, late spring).

Autumn, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for autumn are yávië (harvest, early autumn), quellë (fading, late autumn) and lasselanta (leaf-fall).

The Sindarin words for autumn are iavas (harvest, early autumn), firith (fading, late autumn), lasbelin (leaf withering) and dannas (fall).

Autumn, in my words

aethum : autumn

The Illunse word for autumn (or fall) is aethum. Aethum in Welsh translates to "I went". Aethum seems to mean something in Tamil when transliterated. Similar word anethum is Latin for dill, and anethum graveolens is the scientific classification for dill.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for autumn which is autumnus or autumnum and the Old English word for autumn which is hærfest (like harvest).

Summer, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for summer is lairë.

The Sindarin word for summer is laer.

Summer, in my words

sumast : summer

The Illunse word for summer is sumast. Sumast means something in Hindi transliterated.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for summer which is sumor and the Latin word for summer which is aestas.

Winter, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for winter is hrívë.

The Sindarin word for winter is rhîw.

Winter, in my words

hiwern : winter

The Illunse word for winter is hiwern.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for winter which is hiems and the Old English word for winter which is winter (same as Modern English).

In French the word for winter is hiver.

Day, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for day are aurë (sunlight, day) and ré (day, a full 24-hours).

The Sindarin words for day are aur (day, sunlight, morning), arad (daytime, a day) and calan (day, daylight, period of actual daylight).

Night, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for night are lómë (night, dusk, twilight), hui (night, murk), and mórë (blackness, dark, night).

The Sindarin words for night are dû (nightfall, evening, night), fuin (night, dead of the night), and môr (darkness, dark, night).

North, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for north is formen.

The Sindarin word for north is forod.

North, in my words

seneth : north

The Illunse word for north is seneth. Seneth is a last name.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for north which is septentrio (which refers to the seven stars of Ursa Major or Ursa Minor) and the Old English word for north which is norð (which can be transliterated to north).

South, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for south is hyarmen.

The Sindarin word for south is harad.

South, in my words

auseth : south

The Illunse word for south is auseth.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for south which is auster (australis is southern) and the Old English word for south which is súþ (which can be transliterated to suth).

In Latin the meridional also means southern.

West, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for west is númen.

The Sindarin words for west are annûn (west, sunset) and dûn.

West, in my words

ocsest : west

The Illunse word for west is ocsest.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for west which is occidens and the Old English word for west which is west (same as Modern English).

East, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for east is rómen.

The Sindarin words for east are amrûn (east, orient) and rhûn.

East, in my words

oriest : east

The Illunse word for east is oriest. Oriest is a last name. Oriest is a misspelling of priest.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for east which is oriens (from which we get the word orient) and the Old English word for east which is éast.

Road, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for road are mallë (road, street) and tëa (straight line, road).

The Sindarin word for road is men or mên.

Fire, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for fire are nárë or nár (flame, fire) and úr (fire, heat).

The Sindarin words for fire are naur (fire, flame) and ûr (fire, heat).

Fire, in my words

ifyn : fire

The Illunse word for fire is ifyn. Ifyn is possibly a first name.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for fire which is ignis and the Old English word for fire which is fyr.

Crow, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for crow are quáco and corco.

The Sindarin words for crow are corch and craban (large kind of crow, raven).

Crow, in my words

corwe : crow

The Illunse word for crow (black bird) is corwe. Corwe is an unusual last name that can be English.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for crow which is cornix and the Old English word for crow which is cráwe.

Bird, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for bird is aiwë or filit (small bird).

The Sindarin word for bird is aew or fileg (small bird).

Forest, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for forest is taurë (great wood, forest).

The Sindarin words for forest are taur (great wood, forest) and tawar (wood as a material, forest).

Brown, In J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for the color brown is varnë.

The Sindarin words for the color brown are baran and rhosg or rhosc.

Brown, in my words

brusc : brown

The Illunse word for brown is brusc. Le Brusc is a village in southern France. In Romanian brusc translates to sudden, abrubtly.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for brown which is brún or brun, and the Latin word for brown fuscus (dark colored, black or brown or dusky).

Gray, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for the color gray (or grey) are sindë and sinda.

The Sindarin words for the color gray (or grey) are mithren and thind.

Blue, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for the color blue is luin or lúnë. Pale blue is helwa.

The Sindarin word for the color blue is luin or lhûn. Pale blue is elu or elw.

Green, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for the color green is laica or laiqua (earlier sources). Another word for green is wenya (yellow-green, fresh)

The Sindarin word for the color green is calen.

Yellow, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for the color yellow is malina. Golden is laurëa or laurina.

The Sindarin word for the color yellow is malen.

Red, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for the color red are carnë (red), aira (red, copper-coloured) and narwa (fiery red).

The Sindarin words for the color red are caran (red) and ruin (fiery red).

Black, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for the color black are morë, and morna (dark, gloomy, blackness) or morqua (a non-LOTR form of morna).

The Sindarin word for the color black is morn.

White, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

Some Quenya words for white are fána (white, cloud), lossë (snow-white), and ninquë (white, chill, palid).

Some Sindarin words for white are fain (white, cloud), gloss (snow white, dazzling white), and nimp (pale, white).

Sand, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for sand is litsë.

The Sindarin word for sand is lith.

Sand, in my words

sarn : sand

The Illunse word for sand is sarn. In Sindarin sarn translates to small stone or pebble. In Welsh sarn tranlates to causeway or litter. Sarn can be an British last name. Sarn is the name of cities in Switzerland and Wales.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for sand which is sand (same as Modern English), and the Latin word for sand which is harena or arena.

River, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for river is sírë (river, stream).

The Sindarin words for river are sîr (river) and duin (long and large river).

Stone, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for stone is ondo (stone as a material, rock) or sar (pebble, stone) or sarna (of stone).

The Sindarin word for stone is sarn (stone as a material, pebble) or gond (stone, rock).

I learned by something interesting looking up this word -- Gondor, the Middle-Earth kingdom where you'd find the city of Minas Tirith, means "Land of Stone" in Sindarin.

Glass, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for glass is hyellë.

The Sindarin word for glass is heledh.

I think that these are the elven words for glass as a substance, not glass as a drinking cup or a looking glass.

Glass, in my words

glist : glass

The Illunse word for glass (material) is glist. In English glist (taken from glisten) can mean glimmer or mica. Glist is a last name.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for glass which is glæs, and the Latin word for glass which is vitrum.

Blood, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for blood are sercë and yár.

The Sindarin words for blood are sereg and agar.

Each of these elven languages have two words for blood, and I'm not sure what the difference is between the words. The first words seem more common. Perhaps the second words are more like blood in battle or gore.

Blood, in my words

solg : blood

The Illunse word for blood is solg. Solg is the name of a city in Germany.

This word is a mashup of the Latin word for blood which is sanguis and the Old English word for blood which is blod or blód. My Illunse word doesn't really look like either word.

Bronze, in my words

raes : bronze

The Illunse word for bronze (metal alloy) is raes. In Old English rǽs traslates to a race, rush, leap or jump.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for bronze which is braes, and the Latin word for bronze, which is aes or aeris.

Bronze is a metal alloy. Bronze is mostly copper, with some tin added (usually between 5% and 20% tin). Bronze was the first alloy that was used by humans.

Tin, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for tin (metal) is latúcen.

If there's a Sindarin word for tin, I didn't find it.

Lead, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for lead (metal) is canu.

I couldn't find a Sindarin word for lead. Maybe there isn't such a word.

Air, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for air is vilya.

The Sindarin word for air is gwelu.

These are the elven words for air, as a substance.

Water, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for water is nén.

The Sindarin word for water is nen.

Twelve, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya words for twelve are yunquë and rasta.

The Sindarin word for twelve is ýneg.

These are the Elven, base 12 counting system, words. Not base 10 numbers like we use.

Eleven, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for eleven is minquë.

The Sindarin word for eleven is minib.

Tolkien's Elvish languages use a duodecimal (base-12) numeral system.

Ten, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for ten is cainen, but apparently Tolkien later
replaced it with quain or quëan.

The Sindarin word for ten is caer or pae.

Nine, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for nine is nertë.

The Sindarin word for nine is neder.

Eight, in J. R. R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for eight is tolto.

The Sindarin word for eight is toloth.

Eight, in my words

otha : eight

The Illunse word for eight is otha. Otha is an uncommon masculine first name and a rare last name. Otha translates to climb in Bengali (tranliterated). Otha translates to lip in Hindi (tranliterated). Otha is the name of cities in Pakistan and Turkey.

This word is a mixture of the Latin word for eight, which is octo, and the Old English word for eight, which is eahta.

Seven, in J. R. R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for seven is otso.

The Sindarin word for seven is odog.

These words are interestingly similar to the Spanish word for eight (not seven), which is ocho.

Six, in J. R. R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for six is enquë.

The Sindarin word for six is eneg.

Five, in J. R. R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for five is lempë.

The Sindarin word for five is leben.

Four, in J. R. R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for four is canta.

The Sindarin word for four is canad.

Three, in J. R. R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for three is neldë.

The Sindarin word for three is nêl or neled.

Two, in J. R. R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for two is atta.

The Sindarin word for one is tâd.

One, in J.R.R. Tolkien's words

The Quenya word for one is minë.

The Sindarin word for one is min.

Beginning counting numbers in Elvish.

One, in my words

aun : one

The Illunse word for one is aun. In Spanish aun translates to even, as in the phrases even so and even more. Aun is a last name. Aun is an unusual masculine first name. Aun is a mythological king of Sweden.

This word is a mixture of the Old English word for one án and the Latin word for one unus.